BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy

TotalReturn:

'Total return, when measuring performance, is the actual rate of return of an investment or a pool of investments over a given evaluation period. Total return includes interest, capital gains, dividends and distributions realized over a given period of time. Total return accounts for two categories of return: income including interest paid by fixed-income investments, distributions or dividends and capital appreciation, representing the change in the market price of an asset.'

• The total return, or increase in value over 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is 60.1%, which is greater, thus better compared to the benchmark AGG (-0.2%) in the same period.
• Looking at total return, or performance in of 14.8% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus better in comparison to AGG (-5.2%).

CAGR:

'Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a business and investing specific term for the geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period. CAGR is not an accounting term, but it is often used to describe some element of the business, for example revenue, units delivered, registered users, etc. CAGR dampens the effect of volatility of periodic returns that can render arithmetic means irrelevant. It is particularly useful to compare growth rates from various data sets of common domain such as revenue growth of companies in the same industry.'

• The compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) over 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is 9.9%, which is higher, thus better compared to the benchmark AGG (0%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the annual performance (CAGR) is 4.7%, which is higher, thus better than the value of -1.8% from the benchmark.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a statistical measure of the dispersion of returns for a given security or market index. Volatility can either be measured by using the standard deviation or variance between returns from that same security or market index. Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security. In the securities markets, volatility is often associated with big swings in either direction. For example, when the stock market rises and falls more than one percent over a sustained period of time, it is called a 'volatile' market.'

• Looking at the volatility of 8.7% in the last 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark AGG (6.8%)
• Compared with AGG (7%) in the period of the last 3 years, the historical 30 days volatility of 6.6% is lower, thus better.

DownVol:

'Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (5%) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside volatility of 6.4% of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is greater, thus worse.
• Looking at downside deviation in of 4.7% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to AGG (5%).

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio (also known as the Sharpe index, the Sharpe measure, and the reward-to-variability ratio) is a way to examine the performance of an investment by adjusting for its risk. The ratio measures the excess return (or risk premium) per unit of deviation in an investment asset or a trading strategy, typically referred to as risk, named after William F. Sharpe.'

• The ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) over 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is 0.85, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark AGG (-0.38) in the same period.
• Compared with AGG (-0.61) in the period of the last 3 years, the ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) of 0.34 is higher, thus better.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes only those returns falling below a user-specified target or required rate of return, while the Sharpe ratio penalizes both upside and downside volatility equally. Though both ratios measure an investment's risk-adjusted return, they do so in significantly different ways that will frequently lead to differing conclusions as to the true nature of the investment's return-generating efficiency. The Sortino ratio is used as a way to compare the risk-adjusted performance of programs with differing risk and return profiles. In general, risk-adjusted returns seek to normalize the risk across programs and then see which has the higher return unit per risk.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (-0.51) in the period of the last 5 years, the ratio of annual return and downside deviation of 1.15 of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is larger, thus better.
• Looking at ratio of annual return and downside deviation in of 0.47 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus better in comparison to AGG (-0.86).

Ulcer:

'Ulcer Index is a method for measuring investment risk that addresses the real concerns of investors, unlike the widely used standard deviation of return. UI is a measure of the depth and duration of drawdowns in prices from earlier highs. Using Ulcer Index instead of standard deviation can lead to very different conclusions about investment risk and risk-adjusted return, especially when evaluating strategies that seek to avoid major declines in portfolio value (market timing, dynamic asset allocation, hedge funds, etc.). The Ulcer Index was originally developed in 1987. Since then, it has been widely recognized and adopted by the investment community. According to Nelson Freeburg, editor of Formula Research, Ulcer Index is “perhaps the most fully realized statistical portrait of risk there is.'

• The Ulcer Ratio over 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is 4.88 , which is smaller, thus better compared to the benchmark AGG (9.06 ) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the Ulcer Index is 5.67 , which is smaller, thus better than the value of 10 from the benchmark.

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• The maximum drop from peak to valley over 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is -19.3 days, which is smaller, thus worse compared to the benchmark AGG (-18.4 days) in the same period.
• Looking at maximum drop from peak to valley in of -11 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus better in comparison to AGG (-17.3 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• The maximum days below previous high over 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is 545 days, which is smaller, thus better compared to the benchmark AGG (1049 days) in the same period.
• Looking at maximum days below previous high in of 545 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus better in comparison to AGG (729 days).

AveDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Looking at the average days under water of 147 days in the last 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to the benchmark AGG (457 days)
• During the last 3 years, the average days under water is 218 days, which is smaller, thus better than the value of 354 days from the benchmark.