Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy

TotalReturn:

'The total return on a portfolio of investments takes into account not only the capital appreciation on the portfolio, but also the income received on the portfolio. The income typically consists of interest, dividends, and securities lending fees. This contrasts with the price return, which takes into account only the capital gain on an investment.'

• The total return over 5 years of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is 92.6%, which is greater, thus better compared to the benchmark GLD (78.5%) in the same period.
• Compared with GLD (29.8%) in the period of the last 3 years, the total return of 42.4% is greater, thus better.

CAGR:

'Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a business and investing specific term for the geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period. CAGR is not an accounting term, but it is often used to describe some element of the business, for example revenue, units delivered, registered users, etc. CAGR dampens the effect of volatility of periodic returns that can render arithmetic means irrelevant. It is particularly useful to compare growth rates from various data sets of common domain such as revenue growth of companies in the same industry.'

• Compared with the benchmark GLD (12.3%) in the period of the last 5 years, the annual return (CAGR) of 14% of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is larger, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) is 12.5%, which is larger, thus better than the value of 9.1% from the benchmark.

Volatility:

'In finance, volatility (symbol σ) is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time as measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns. Historic volatility measures a time series of past market prices. Implied volatility looks forward in time, being derived from the market price of a market-traded derivative (in particular, an option). Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security.'

• The historical 30 days volatility over 5 years of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is 11%, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark GLD (15.1%) in the same period.
• Looking at 30 days standard deviation in of 10.6% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus better in comparison to GLD (13.8%).

DownVol:

'Downside risk is the financial risk associated with losses. That is, it is the risk of the actual return being below the expected return, or the uncertainty about the magnitude of that difference. Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• Compared with the benchmark GLD (10.5%) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside volatility of 7.6% of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is lower, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the downside volatility is 7.4%, which is lower, thus better than the value of 9.4% from the benchmark.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio is the measure of risk-adjusted return of a financial portfolio. Sharpe ratio is a measure of excess portfolio return over the risk-free rate relative to its standard deviation. Normally, the 90-day Treasury bill rate is taken as the proxy for risk-free rate. A portfolio with a higher Sharpe ratio is considered superior relative to its peers. The measure was named after William F Sharpe, a Nobel laureate and professor of finance, emeritus at Stanford University.'

• Looking at the ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) of 1.05 in the last 5 years of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy, we see it is relatively larger, thus better in comparison to the benchmark GLD (0.65)
• Compared with GLD (0.48) in the period of the last 3 years, the ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) of 0.94 is larger, thus better.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio improves upon the Sharpe ratio by isolating downside volatility from total volatility by dividing excess return by the downside deviation. The Sortino ratio is a variation of the Sharpe ratio that differentiates harmful volatility from total overall volatility by using the asset's standard deviation of negative asset returns, called downside deviation. The Sortino ratio takes the asset's return and subtracts the risk-free rate, and then divides that amount by the asset's downside deviation. The ratio was named after Frank A. Sortino.'

• Compared with the benchmark GLD (0.93) in the period of the last 5 years, the excess return divided by the downside deviation of 1.52 of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is larger, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the downside risk / excess return profile is 1.35, which is greater, thus better than the value of 0.7 from the benchmark.

Ulcer:

'The Ulcer Index is a technical indicator that measures downside risk, in terms of both the depth and duration of price declines. The index increases in value as the price moves farther away from a recent high and falls as the price rises to new highs. The indicator is usually calculated over a 14-day period, with the Ulcer Index showing the percentage drawdown a trader can expect from the high over that period. The greater the value of the Ulcer Index, the longer it takes for a stock to get back to the former high.'

• Compared with the benchmark GLD (9.77 ) in the period of the last 5 years, the Ulcer Index of 5.91 of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is lower, thus better.
• Looking at Ulcer Ratio in of 6.4 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus better in comparison to GLD (8.62 ).

MaxDD:

'Maximum drawdown is defined as the peak-to-trough decline of an investment during a specific period. It is usually quoted as a percentage of the peak value. The maximum drawdown can be calculated based on absolute returns, in order to identify strategies that suffer less during market downturns, such as low-volatility strategies. However, the maximum drawdown can also be calculated based on returns relative to a benchmark index, for identifying strategies that show steady outperformance over time.'

• Compared with the benchmark GLD (-22 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the maximum DrawDown of -15.2 days of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is higher, thus better.
• Looking at maximum DrawDown in of -15.2 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to GLD (-21 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Maximum Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. It is the length of time the account was in the Max Drawdown. A Max Drawdown measures a retrenchment from when an equity curve reaches a new high. It’s the maximum an account lost during that retrenchment. This method is applied because a valley can’t be measured until a new high occurs. Once the new high is reached, the percentage change from the old high to the bottom of the largest trough is recorded.'

• Compared with the benchmark GLD (897 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the maximum days under water of 380 days of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is lower, thus better.
• Looking at maximum days under water in of 380 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to GLD (436 days).

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Compared with the benchmark GLD (349 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the average days under water of 110 days of Leveraged Gold-Currency Strategy is lower, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the average time in days below previous high water mark is 113 days, which is smaller, thus better than the value of 159 days from the benchmark.