US Market Strategy Unhedged

TotalReturn:

'Total return is the amount of value an investor earns from a security over a specific period, typically one year, when all distributions are reinvested. Total return is expressed as a percentage of the amount invested. For example, a total return of 20% means the security increased by 20% of its original value due to a price increase, distribution of dividends (if a stock), coupons (if a bond) or capital gains (if a fund). Total return is a strong measure of an investment’s overall performance.'

• The total return, or performance over 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged is 189.4%, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (106.8%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (71.9%) in the period of the last 3 years, the total return, or performance of 86.4% is greater, thus better.

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate isn't a true return rate, but rather a representational figure. It is essentially a number that describes the rate at which an investment would have grown if it had grown the same rate every year and the profits were reinvested at the end of each year. In reality, this sort of performance is unlikely. However, CAGR can be used to smooth returns so that they may be more easily understood when compared to alternative investments.'

• Looking at the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23.7% in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged, we see it is relatively higher, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (15.7%)
• Compared with SPY (19.8%) in the period of the last 3 years, the annual performance (CAGR) of 23.1% is larger, thus better.

Volatility:

'In finance, volatility (symbol σ) is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time as measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns. Historic volatility measures a time series of past market prices. Implied volatility looks forward in time, being derived from the market price of a market-traded derivative (in particular, an option). Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security.'

• Looking at the 30 days standard deviation of 19.4% in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged, we see it is relatively larger, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (18.9%)
• Looking at volatility in of 22.7% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus worse in comparison to SPY (21.9%).

DownVol:

'The downside volatility is similar to the volatility, or standard deviation, but only takes losing/negative periods into account.'

• Looking at the downside risk of 13.8% in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (13.8%)
• Looking at downside deviation in of 16.2% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus worse in comparison to SPY (15.9%).

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio was developed by Nobel laureate William F. Sharpe, and is used to help investors understand the return of an investment compared to its risk. The ratio is the average return earned in excess of the risk-free rate per unit of volatility or total risk. Subtracting the risk-free rate from the mean return allows an investor to better isolate the profits associated with risk-taking activities. One intuition of this calculation is that a portfolio engaging in 'zero risk' investments, such as the purchase of U.S. Treasury bills (for which the expected return is the risk-free rate), has a Sharpe ratio of exactly zero. Generally, the greater the value of the Sharpe ratio, the more attractive the risk-adjusted return.'

• The ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) over 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged is 1.09, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (0.69) in the same period.
• Looking at risk / return profile (Sharpe) in of 0.91 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus better in comparison to SPY (0.79).

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio improves upon the Sharpe ratio by isolating downside volatility from total volatility by dividing excess return by the downside deviation. The Sortino ratio is a variation of the Sharpe ratio that differentiates harmful volatility from total overall volatility by using the asset's standard deviation of negative asset returns, called downside deviation. The Sortino ratio takes the asset's return and subtracts the risk-free rate, and then divides that amount by the asset's downside deviation. The ratio was named after Frank A. Sortino.'

• The excess return divided by the downside deviation over 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged is 1.53, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (0.95) in the same period.
• Looking at downside risk / excess return profile in of 1.27 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus better in comparison to SPY (1.09).

Ulcer:

'The Ulcer Index is a technical indicator that measures downside risk, in terms of both the depth and duration of price declines. The index increases in value as the price moves farther away from a recent high and falls as the price rises to new highs. The indicator is usually calculated over a 14-day period, with the Ulcer Index showing the percentage drawdown a trader can expect from the high over that period. The greater the value of the Ulcer Index, the longer it takes for a stock to get back to the former high.'

• Looking at the Ulcer Ratio of 4.46 in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (5.61 )
• During the last 3 years, the Ulcer Ratio is 5.28 , which is lower, thus better than the value of 6.08 from the benchmark.

MaxDD:

'Maximum drawdown is defined as the peak-to-trough decline of an investment during a specific period. It is usually quoted as a percentage of the peak value. The maximum drawdown can be calculated based on absolute returns, in order to identify strategies that suffer less during market downturns, such as low-volatility strategies. However, the maximum drawdown can also be calculated based on returns relative to a benchmark index, for identifying strategies that show steady outperformance over time.'

• Looking at the maximum reduction from previous high of -28.6 days in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (-33.7 days)
• Looking at maximum drop from peak to valley in of -28.6 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to SPY (-33.7 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Maximum Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. It is the length of time the account was in the Max Drawdown. A Max Drawdown measures a retrenchment from when an equity curve reaches a new high. It’s the maximum an account lost during that retrenchment. This method is applied because a valley can’t be measured until a new high occurs. Once the new high is reached, the percentage change from the old high to the bottom of the largest trough is recorded.'

• Looking at the maximum days under water of 126 days in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy Unhedged, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (139 days)
• Compared with SPY (119 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum days below previous high of 126 days is higher, thus worse.

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (32 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the average days under water of 23 days of US Market Strategy Unhedged is smaller, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the average days under water is 27 days, which is larger, thus worse than the value of 22 days from the benchmark.