US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged

TotalReturn:

'The total return on a portfolio of investments takes into account not only the capital appreciation on the portfolio, but also the income received on the portfolio. The income typically consists of interest, dividends, and securities lending fees. This contrasts with the price return, which takes into account only the capital gain on an investment.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (80%) in the period of the last 5 years, the total return of 341.9% of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is higher, thus better.
• Compared with SPY (31.8%) in the period of the last 3 years, the total return of 80.2% is larger, thus better.

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a useful measure of growth over multiple time periods. It can be thought of as the growth rate that gets you from the initial investment value to the ending investment value if you assume that the investment has been compounding over the time period.'

• The annual performance (CAGR) over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 34.7%, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (12.5%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (9.7%) in the period of the last 3 years, the annual return (CAGR) of 21.7% is larger, thus better.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a rate at which the price of a security increases or decreases for a given set of returns. Volatility is measured by calculating the standard deviation of the annualized returns over a given period of time. It shows the range to which the price of a security may increase or decrease. Volatility measures the risk of a security. It is used in option pricing formula to gauge the fluctuations in the returns of the underlying assets. Volatility indicates the pricing behavior of the security and helps estimate the fluctuations that may happen in a short period of time.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (21.3%) in the period of the last 5 years, the 30 days standard deviation of 43.5% of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is higher, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the 30 days standard deviation is 33.4%, which is larger, thus worse than the value of 17.6% from the benchmark.

DownVol:

'The downside volatility is similar to the volatility, or standard deviation, but only takes losing/negative periods into account.'

• Looking at the downside deviation of 31% in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (15.3%)
• Looking at downside deviation in of 23.3% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to SPY (12.3%).

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio is the measure of risk-adjusted return of a financial portfolio. Sharpe ratio is a measure of excess portfolio return over the risk-free rate relative to its standard deviation. Normally, the 90-day Treasury bill rate is taken as the proxy for risk-free rate. A portfolio with a higher Sharpe ratio is considered superior relative to its peers. The measure was named after William F Sharpe, a Nobel laureate and professor of finance, emeritus at Stanford University.'

• The Sharpe Ratio over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 0.74, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (0.47) in the same period.
• Looking at Sharpe Ratio in of 0.57 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to SPY (0.41).

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes only those returns falling below a user-specified target or required rate of return, while the Sharpe ratio penalizes both upside and downside volatility equally. Though both ratios measure an investment's risk-adjusted return, they do so in significantly different ways that will frequently lead to differing conclusions as to the true nature of the investment's return-generating efficiency. The Sortino ratio is used as a way to compare the risk-adjusted performance of programs with differing risk and return profiles. In general, risk-adjusted returns seek to normalize the risk across programs and then see which has the higher return unit per risk.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (0.66) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside risk / excess return profile of 1.04 of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is larger, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the excess return divided by the downside deviation is 0.82, which is higher, thus better than the value of 0.58 from the benchmark.

Ulcer:

'The Ulcer Index is a technical indicator that measures downside risk, in terms of both the depth and duration of price declines. The index increases in value as the price moves farther away from a recent high and falls as the price rises to new highs. The indicator is usually calculated over a 14-day period, with the Ulcer Index showing the percentage drawdown a trader can expect from the high over that period. The greater the value of the Ulcer Index, the longer it takes for a stock to get back to the former high.'

• The Ulcer Index over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 17 , which is larger, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (9.43 ) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the Downside risk index is 18 , which is larger, thus worse than the value of 10 from the benchmark.

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• Looking at the maximum DrawDown of -51.7 days in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (-33.7 days)
• Compared with SPY (-24.5 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum drop from peak to valley of -43.1 days is lower, thus worse.

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• The maximum time in days below previous high water mark over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 392 days, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (480 days) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the maximum days below previous high is 392 days, which is lower, thus better than the value of 480 days from the benchmark.

AveDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• The average days under water over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 86 days, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (119 days) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (174 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the average days under water of 121 days is lower, thus better.