US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged

TotalReturn:

'Total return is the amount of value an investor earns from a security over a specific period, typically one year, when all distributions are reinvested. Total return is expressed as a percentage of the amount invested. For example, a total return of 20% means the security increased by 20% of its original value due to a price increase, distribution of dividends (if a stock), coupons (if a bond) or capital gains (if a fund). Total return is a strong measure of an investment’s overall performance.'

• The total return, or increase in value over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 329.2%, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (75.6%) in the same period.
• Looking at total return, or performance in of 116% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus better in comparison to SPY (40%).

CAGR:

'Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a business and investing specific term for the geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period. CAGR is not an accounting term, but it is often used to describe some element of the business, for example revenue, units delivered, registered users, etc. CAGR dampens the effect of volatility of periodic returns that can render arithmetic means irrelevant. It is particularly useful to compare growth rates from various data sets of common domain such as revenue growth of companies in the same industry.'

• The annual performance (CAGR) over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 33.9%, which is greater, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (11.9%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the annual return (CAGR) is 29.3%, which is greater, thus better than the value of 11.9% from the benchmark.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a rate at which the price of a security increases or decreases for a given set of returns. Volatility is measured by calculating the standard deviation of the annualized returns over a given period of time. It shows the range to which the price of a security may increase or decrease. Volatility measures the risk of a security. It is used in option pricing formula to gauge the fluctuations in the returns of the underlying assets. Volatility indicates the pricing behavior of the security and helps estimate the fluctuations that may happen in a short period of time.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (20.3%) in the period of the last 5 years, the volatility of 44.1% of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is higher, thus worse.
• Compared with SPY (23.6%) in the period of the last 3 years, the volatility of 50.1% is greater, thus worse.

DownVol:

'Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• The downside risk over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 31.8%, which is greater, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (14.9%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the downside deviation is 36.2%, which is higher, thus worse than the value of 17.3% from the benchmark.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio (also known as the Sharpe index, the Sharpe measure, and the reward-to-variability ratio) is a way to examine the performance of an investment by adjusting for its risk. The ratio measures the excess return (or risk premium) per unit of deviation in an investment asset or a trading strategy, typically referred to as risk, named after William F. Sharpe.'

• The risk / return profile (Sharpe) over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 0.71, which is greater, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (0.46) in the same period.
• Looking at risk / return profile (Sharpe) in of 0.53 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to SPY (0.4).

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes only those returns falling below a user-specified target or required rate of return, while the Sharpe ratio penalizes both upside and downside volatility equally. Though both ratios measure an investment's risk-adjusted return, they do so in significantly different ways that will frequently lead to differing conclusions as to the true nature of the investment's return-generating efficiency. The Sortino ratio is used as a way to compare the risk-adjusted performance of programs with differing risk and return profiles. In general, risk-adjusted returns seek to normalize the risk across programs and then see which has the higher return unit per risk.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (0.63) in the period of the last 5 years, the excess return divided by the downside deviation of 0.99 of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is greater, thus better.
• Looking at ratio of annual return and downside deviation in of 0.74 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to SPY (0.54).

Ulcer:

'The ulcer index is a stock market risk measure or technical analysis indicator devised by Peter Martin in 1987, and published by him and Byron McCann in their 1989 book The Investors Guide to Fidelity Funds. It's designed as a measure of volatility, but only volatility in the downward direction, i.e. the amount of drawdown or retracement occurring over a period. Other volatility measures like standard deviation treat up and down movement equally, but a trader doesn't mind upward movement, it's the downside that causes stress and stomach ulcers that the index's name suggests.'

• Looking at the Ulcer Ratio of 12 in the last 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (6.62 )
• Compared with SPY (7.55 ) in the period of the last 3 years, the Downside risk index of 14 is higher, thus worse.

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• The maximum reduction from previous high over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is -51.7 days, which is lower, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (-33.7 days) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the maximum drop from peak to valley is -51.7 days, which is lower, thus worse than the value of -33.7 days from the benchmark.

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• The maximum time in days below previous high water mark over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 149 days, which is larger, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (139 days) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the maximum days below previous high is 149 days, which is larger, thus worse than the value of 120 days from the benchmark.

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• The average days under water over 5 years of US Market Strategy 2x Leverage Unhedged is 36 days, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (37 days) in the same period.
• Looking at average days below previous high in of 42 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to SPY (31 days).