World Countries Africa

TotalReturn:

'Total return, when measuring performance, is the actual rate of return of an investment or a pool of investments over a given evaluation period. Total return includes interest, capital gains, dividends and distributions realized over a given period of time. Total return accounts for two categories of return: income including interest paid by fixed-income investments, distributions or dividends and capital appreciation, representing the change in the market price of an asset.'

• Looking at the total return, or increase in value of 127.4% in the last 5 years of World Countries Africa, we see it is relatively higher, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (77.6%)
• Looking at total return, or increase in value in of 76.4% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to SPY (53.5%).

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a useful measure of growth over multiple time periods. It can be thought of as the growth rate that gets you from the initial investment value to the ending investment value if you assume that the investment has been compounding over the time period.'

• The compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) over 5 years of World Countries Africa is 17.9%, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (12.2%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (15.4%) in the period of the last 3 years, the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20.8% is larger, thus better.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a rate at which the price of a security increases or decreases for a given set of returns. Volatility is measured by calculating the standard deviation of the annualized returns over a given period of time. It shows the range to which the price of a security may increase or decrease. Volatility measures the risk of a security. It is used in option pricing formula to gauge the fluctuations in the returns of the underlying assets. Volatility indicates the pricing behavior of the security and helps estimate the fluctuations that may happen in a short period of time.'

• The historical 30 days volatility over 5 years of World Countries Africa is 14.8%, which is larger, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (13.3%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (13%) in the period of the last 3 years, the volatility of 13.9% is greater, thus worse.

DownVol:

'The downside volatility is similar to the volatility, or standard deviation, but only takes losing/negative periods into account.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (9.6%) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside risk of 10.2% of World Countries Africa is larger, thus worse.
• Looking at downside risk in of 9.7% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to SPY (9.4%).

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio (also known as the Sharpe index, the Sharpe measure, and the reward-to-variability ratio) is a way to examine the performance of an investment by adjusting for its risk. The ratio measures the excess return (or risk premium) per unit of deviation in an investment asset or a trading strategy, typically referred to as risk, named after William F. Sharpe.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (0.73) in the period of the last 5 years, the Sharpe Ratio of 1.04 of World Countries Africa is greater, thus better.
• Compared with SPY (0.99) in the period of the last 3 years, the risk / return profile (Sharpe) of 1.32 is higher, thus better.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes only those returns falling below a user-specified target or required rate of return, while the Sharpe ratio penalizes both upside and downside volatility equally. Though both ratios measure an investment's risk-adjusted return, they do so in significantly different ways that will frequently lead to differing conclusions as to the true nature of the investment's return-generating efficiency. The Sortino ratio is used as a way to compare the risk-adjusted performance of programs with differing risk and return profiles. In general, risk-adjusted returns seek to normalize the risk across programs and then see which has the higher return unit per risk.'

• Looking at the excess return divided by the downside deviation of 1.51 in the last 5 years of World Countries Africa, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (1.01)
• During the last 3 years, the excess return divided by the downside deviation is 1.89, which is larger, thus better than the value of 1.37 from the benchmark.

Ulcer:

'The ulcer index is a stock market risk measure or technical analysis indicator devised by Peter Martin in 1987, and published by him and Byron McCann in their 1989 book The Investors Guide to Fidelity Funds. It's designed as a measure of volatility, but only volatility in the downward direction, i.e. the amount of drawdown or retracement occurring over a period. Other volatility measures like standard deviation treat up and down movement equally, but a trader doesn't mind upward movement, it's the downside that causes stress and stomach ulcers that the index's name suggests.'

• The Ulcer Index over 5 years of World Countries Africa is 5.07 , which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (3.97 ) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (4.1 ) in the period of the last 3 years, the Downside risk index of 3.94 is smaller, thus better.

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• Looking at the maximum reduction from previous high of -18.3 days in the last 5 years of World Countries Africa, we see it is relatively larger, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (-19.3 days)
• Looking at maximum drop from peak to valley in of -12 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to SPY (-19.3 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• Looking at the maximum days under water of 363 days in the last 5 years of World Countries Africa, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (187 days)
• Compared with SPY (139 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum days under water of 143 days is greater, thus worse.

AveDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• The average days under water over 5 years of World Countries Africa is 80 days, which is greater, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (42 days) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the average time in days below previous high water mark is 34 days, which is lower, thus better than the value of 37 days from the benchmark.