NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy

TotalReturn:

'Total return is the amount of value an investor earns from a security over a specific period, typically one year, when all distributions are reinvested. Total return is expressed as a percentage of the amount invested. For example, a total return of 20% means the security increased by 20% of its original value due to a price increase, distribution of dividends (if a stock), coupons (if a bond) or capital gains (if a fund). Total return is a strong measure of an investment’s overall performance.'

• The total return, or performance over 5 years of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is 38.4%, which is lower, thus worse compared to the benchmark QQQ (113.5%) in the same period.
• Looking at total return in of -1.2% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to QQQ (114.8%).

CAGR:

'Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a business and investing specific term for the geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period. CAGR is not an accounting term, but it is often used to describe some element of the business, for example revenue, units delivered, registered users, etc. CAGR dampens the effect of volatility of periodic returns that can render arithmetic means irrelevant. It is particularly useful to compare growth rates from various data sets of common domain such as revenue growth of companies in the same industry.'

• Compared with the benchmark QQQ (16.4%) in the period of the last 5 years, the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.7% of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is lower, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) is -0.4%, which is lower, thus worse than the value of 29.3% from the benchmark.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a rate at which the price of a security increases or decreases for a given set of returns. Volatility is measured by calculating the standard deviation of the annualized returns over a given period of time. It shows the range to which the price of a security may increase or decrease. Volatility measures the risk of a security. It is used in option pricing formula to gauge the fluctuations in the returns of the underlying assets. Volatility indicates the pricing behavior of the security and helps estimate the fluctuations that may happen in a short period of time.'

• The 30 days standard deviation over 5 years of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is 14%, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark QQQ (22.4%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the historical 30 days volatility is 13.8%, which is lower, thus better than the value of 19.7% from the benchmark.

DownVol:

'The downside volatility is similar to the volatility, or standard deviation, but only takes losing/negative periods into account.'

• Compared with the benchmark QQQ (15.5%) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside volatility of 9.8% of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is lower, thus better.
• Compared with QQQ (13.2%) in the period of the last 3 years, the downside volatility of 9.8% is lower, thus better.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio (also known as the Sharpe index, the Sharpe measure, and the reward-to-variability ratio) is a way to examine the performance of an investment by adjusting for its risk. The ratio measures the excess return (or risk premium) per unit of deviation in an investment asset or a trading strategy, typically referred to as risk, named after William F. Sharpe.'

• Compared with the benchmark QQQ (0.62) in the period of the last 5 years, the ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) of 0.3 of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is lower, thus worse.
• Compared with QQQ (1.36) in the period of the last 3 years, the Sharpe Ratio of -0.21 is lower, thus worse.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio, a variation of the Sharpe ratio only factors in the downside, or negative volatility, rather than the total volatility used in calculating the Sharpe ratio. The theory behind the Sortino variation is that upside volatility is a plus for the investment, and it, therefore, should not be included in the risk calculation. Therefore, the Sortino ratio takes upside volatility out of the equation and uses only the downside standard deviation in its calculation instead of the total standard deviation that is used in calculating the Sharpe ratio.'

• Looking at the excess return divided by the downside deviation of 0.43 in the last 5 years of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark QQQ (0.9)
• Looking at downside risk / excess return profile in of -0.3 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to QQQ (2.02).

Ulcer:

'The ulcer index is a stock market risk measure or technical analysis indicator devised by Peter Martin in 1987, and published by him and Byron McCann in their 1989 book The Investors Guide to Fidelity Funds. It's designed as a measure of volatility, but only volatility in the downward direction, i.e. the amount of drawdown or retracement occurring over a period. Other volatility measures like standard deviation treat up and down movement equally, but a trader doesn't mind upward movement, it's the downside that causes stress and stomach ulcers that the index's name suggests.'

• The Downside risk index over 5 years of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is 6.44 , which is smaller, thus better compared to the benchmark QQQ (14 ) in the same period.
• Compared with QQQ (4.85 ) in the period of the last 3 years, the Ulcer Index of 7.53 is larger, thus worse.

MaxDD:

'Maximum drawdown measures the loss in any losing period during a fund’s investment record. It is defined as the percent retrenchment from a fund’s peak value to the fund’s valley value. The drawdown is in effect from the time the fund’s retrenchment begins until a new fund high is reached. The maximum drawdown encompasses both the period from the fund’s peak to the fund’s valley (length), and the time from the fund’s valley to a new fund high (recovery). It measures the largest percentage drawdown that has occurred in any fund’s data record.'

• The maximum reduction from previous high over 5 years of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is -15.2 days, which is higher, thus better compared to the benchmark QQQ (-35.1 days) in the same period.
• Looking at maximum drop from peak to valley in of -15.2 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus better in comparison to QQQ (-22.8 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• The maximum days under water over 5 years of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is 385 days, which is smaller, thus better compared to the benchmark QQQ (493 days) in the same period.
• Compared with QQQ (113 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum time in days below previous high water mark of 385 days is higher, thus worse.

AveDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• The average days below previous high over 5 years of NASDAQ 100 Low Volatility Sub-strategy is 107 days, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark QQQ (125 days) in the same period.
• Compared with QQQ (31 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the average time in days below previous high water mark of 153 days is higher, thus worse.