VEON (VEON)

TotalReturn:

'The total return on a portfolio of investments takes into account not only the capital appreciation on the portfolio, but also the income received on the portfolio. The income typically consists of interest, dividends, and securities lending fees. This contrasts with the price return, which takes into account only the capital gain on an investment.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (60.7%) in the period of the last 5 years, the total return, or increase in value of -88.7% of VEON is smaller, thus worse.
• Looking at total return in of -83.5% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to SPY (29.5%).

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate isn't a true return rate, but rather a representational figure. It is essentially a number that describes the rate at which an investment would have grown if it had grown the same rate every year and the profits were reinvested at the end of each year. In reality, this sort of performance is unlikely. However, CAGR can be used to smooth returns so that they may be more easily understood when compared to alternative investments.'

• The annual performance (CAGR) over 5 years of VEON is -35.3%, which is lower, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (10%) in the same period.
• Looking at annual performance (CAGR) in of -45.1% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to SPY (9%).

Volatility:

'Volatility is a statistical measure of the dispersion of returns for a given security or market index. Volatility can either be measured by using the standard deviation or variance between returns from that same security or market index. Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security. In the securities markets, volatility is often associated with big swings in either direction. For example, when the stock market rises and falls more than one percent over a sustained period of time, it is called a 'volatile' market.'

• Looking at the historical 30 days volatility of 61.9% in the last 5 years of VEON, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (20.8%)
• Looking at volatility in of 73.6% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to SPY (24%).

DownVol:

'Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (15.3%) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside volatility of 45% of VEON is larger, thus worse.
• Looking at downside deviation in of 53.5% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to SPY (17.6%).

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio is the measure of risk-adjusted return of a financial portfolio. Sharpe ratio is a measure of excess portfolio return over the risk-free rate relative to its standard deviation. Normally, the 90-day Treasury bill rate is taken as the proxy for risk-free rate. A portfolio with a higher Sharpe ratio is considered superior relative to its peers. The measure was named after William F Sharpe, a Nobel laureate and professor of finance, emeritus at Stanford University.'

• The Sharpe Ratio over 5 years of VEON is -0.61, which is smaller, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (0.36) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (0.27) in the period of the last 3 years, the Sharpe Ratio of -0.65 is smaller, thus worse.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio improves upon the Sharpe ratio by isolating downside volatility from total volatility by dividing excess return by the downside deviation. The Sortino ratio is a variation of the Sharpe ratio that differentiates harmful volatility from total overall volatility by using the asset's standard deviation of negative asset returns, called downside deviation. The Sortino ratio takes the asset's return and subtracts the risk-free rate, and then divides that amount by the asset's downside deviation. The ratio was named after Frank A. Sortino.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (0.49) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside risk / excess return profile of -0.84 of VEON is smaller, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the downside risk / excess return profile is -0.89, which is smaller, thus worse than the value of 0.37 from the benchmark.

Ulcer:

'The Ulcer Index is a technical indicator that measures downside risk, in terms of both the depth and duration of price declines. The index increases in value as the price moves farther away from a recent high and falls as the price rises to new highs. The indicator is usually calculated over a 14-day period, with the Ulcer Index showing the percentage drawdown a trader can expect from the high over that period. The greater the value of the Ulcer Index, the longer it takes for a stock to get back to the former high.'

• The Ulcer Index over 5 years of VEON is 47 , which is larger, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (7.52 ) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the Downside risk index is 46 , which is greater, thus worse than the value of 8.81 from the benchmark.

MaxDD:

'Maximum drawdown measures the loss in any losing period during a fund’s investment record. It is defined as the percent retrenchment from a fund’s peak value to the fund’s valley value. The drawdown is in effect from the time the fund’s retrenchment begins until a new fund high is reached. The maximum drawdown encompasses both the period from the fund’s peak to the fund’s valley (length), and the time from the fund’s valley to a new fund high (recovery). It measures the largest percentage drawdown that has occurred in any fund’s data record.'

• The maximum DrawDown over 5 years of VEON is -92.1 days, which is smaller, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (-33.7 days) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the maximum DrawDown is -89.9 days, which is lower, thus worse than the value of -33.7 days from the benchmark.

MaxDuration:

'The Maximum Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. It is the length of time the account was in the Max Drawdown. A Max Drawdown measures a retrenchment from when an equity curve reaches a new high. It’s the maximum an account lost during that retrenchment. This method is applied because a valley can’t be measured until a new high occurs. Once the new high is reached, the percentage change from the old high to the bottom of the largest trough is recorded.'

• Looking at the maximum time in days below previous high water mark of 1254 days in the last 5 years of VEON, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (182 days)
• During the last 3 years, the maximum days under water is 659 days, which is larger, thus worse than the value of 182 days from the benchmark.

AveDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Looking at the average days under water of 627 days in the last 5 years of VEON, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (45 days)
• During the last 3 years, the average time in days below previous high water mark is 293 days, which is larger, thus worse than the value of 43 days from the benchmark.