Trip.com Group Limited (TCOM)

TotalReturn:

'The total return on a portfolio of investments takes into account not only the capital appreciation on the portfolio, but also the income received on the portfolio. The income typically consists of interest, dividends, and securities lending fees. This contrasts with the price return, which takes into account only the capital gain on an investment.'

• The total return over 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited is -16.9%, which is lower, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (83.6%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (36.9%) in the period of the last 3 years, the total return, or performance of -47.7% is smaller, thus worse.

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate isn't a true return rate, but rather a representational figure. It is essentially a number that describes the rate at which an investment would have grown if it had grown the same rate every year and the profits were reinvested at the end of each year. In reality, this sort of performance is unlikely. However, CAGR can be used to smooth returns so that they may be more easily understood when compared to alternative investments.'

• The compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) over 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited is -3.6%, which is smaller, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (12.9%) in the same period.
• Looking at compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) in of -19.5% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to SPY (11.1%).

Volatility:

'Volatility is a rate at which the price of a security increases or decreases for a given set of returns. Volatility is measured by calculating the standard deviation of the annualized returns over a given period of time. It shows the range to which the price of a security may increase or decrease. Volatility measures the risk of a security. It is used in option pricing formula to gauge the fluctuations in the returns of the underlying assets. Volatility indicates the pricing behavior of the security and helps estimate the fluctuations that may happen in a short period of time.'

• Looking at the historical 30 days volatility of 40.4% in the last 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited, we see it is relatively greater, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (18.8%)
• During the last 3 years, the 30 days standard deviation is 42.6%, which is greater, thus worse than the value of 22.4% from the benchmark.

DownVol:

'The downside volatility is similar to the volatility, or standard deviation, but only takes losing/negative periods into account.'

• The downside deviation over 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited is 27%, which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (13.7%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the downside volatility is 30.2%, which is higher, thus worse than the value of 16.5% from the benchmark.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio was developed by Nobel laureate William F. Sharpe, and is used to help investors understand the return of an investment compared to its risk. The ratio is the average return earned in excess of the risk-free rate per unit of volatility or total risk. Subtracting the risk-free rate from the mean return allows an investor to better isolate the profits associated with risk-taking activities. One intuition of this calculation is that a portfolio engaging in 'zero risk' investments, such as the purchase of U.S. Treasury bills (for which the expected return is the risk-free rate), has a Sharpe ratio of exactly zero. Generally, the greater the value of the Sharpe ratio, the more attractive the risk-adjusted return.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (0.55) in the period of the last 5 years, the risk / return profile (Sharpe) of -0.15 of Trip.com Group Limited is lower, thus worse.
• Looking at Sharpe Ratio in of -0.52 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to SPY (0.38).

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio, a variation of the Sharpe ratio only factors in the downside, or negative volatility, rather than the total volatility used in calculating the Sharpe ratio. The theory behind the Sortino variation is that upside volatility is a plus for the investment, and it, therefore, should not be included in the risk calculation. Therefore, the Sortino ratio takes upside volatility out of the equation and uses only the downside standard deviation in its calculation instead of the total standard deviation that is used in calculating the Sharpe ratio.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (0.76) in the period of the last 5 years, the excess return divided by the downside deviation of -0.23 of Trip.com Group Limited is lower, thus worse.
• Looking at excess return divided by the downside deviation in of -0.73 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus worse in comparison to SPY (0.52).

Ulcer:

'Ulcer Index is a method for measuring investment risk that addresses the real concerns of investors, unlike the widely used standard deviation of return. UI is a measure of the depth and duration of drawdowns in prices from earlier highs. Using Ulcer Index instead of standard deviation can lead to very different conclusions about investment risk and risk-adjusted return, especially when evaluating strategies that seek to avoid major declines in portfolio value (market timing, dynamic asset allocation, hedge funds, etc.). The Ulcer Index was originally developed in 1987. Since then, it has been widely recognized and adopted by the investment community. According to Nelson Freeburg, editor of Formula Research, Ulcer Index is “perhaps the most fully realized statistical portrait of risk there is.'

• Looking at the Downside risk index of 34 in the last 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (5.78 )
• During the last 3 years, the Downside risk index is 38 , which is larger, thus worse than the value of 7.07 from the benchmark.

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• Looking at the maximum drop from peak to valley of -63.8 days in the last 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (-33.7 days)
• Looking at maximum reduction from previous high in of -61.5 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus worse in comparison to SPY (-33.7 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• The maximum days below previous high over 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited is 793 days, which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (139 days) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (139 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum time in days below previous high water mark of 746 days is greater, thus worse.

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Looking at the average time in days below previous high water mark of 310 days in the last 5 years of Trip.com Group Limited, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (37 days)
• Compared with SPY (45 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the average days under water of 371 days is greater, thus worse.