Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF (NERD)

TotalReturn:

'Total return, when measuring performance, is the actual rate of return of an investment or a pool of investments over a given evaluation period. Total return includes interest, capital gains, dividends and distributions realized over a given period of time. Total return accounts for two categories of return: income including interest paid by fixed-income investments, distributions or dividends and capital appreciation, representing the change in the market price of an asset.'

• The total return, or performance over 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF is 76.1%, which is smaller, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (154.3%) in the same period.
• Looking at total return, or performance in of -2.5% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to SPY (32.9%).

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate isn't a true return rate, but rather a representational figure. It is essentially a number that describes the rate at which an investment would have grown if it had grown the same rate every year and the profits were reinvested at the end of each year. In reality, this sort of performance is unlikely. However, CAGR can be used to smooth returns so that they may be more easily understood when compared to alternative investments.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (20.6%) in the period of the last 5 years, the annual return (CAGR) of 12% of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF is smaller, thus worse.
• Compared with SPY (10%) in the period of the last 3 years, the compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of -0.8% is smaller, thus worse.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a statistical measure of the dispersion of returns for a given security or market index. Volatility can either be measured by using the standard deviation or variance between returns from that same security or market index. Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security. In the securities markets, volatility is often associated with big swings in either direction. For example, when the stock market rises and falls more than one percent over a sustained period of time, it is called a 'volatile' market.'

• The volatility over 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF is 26%, which is greater, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (18.4%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the volatility is 24.5%, which is higher, thus worse than the value of 17% from the benchmark.

DownVol:

'The downside volatility is similar to the volatility, or standard deviation, but only takes losing/negative periods into account.'

• The downside risk over 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF is 17.8%, which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (12.4%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (12%) in the period of the last 3 years, the downside volatility of 17.6% is higher, thus worse.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio was developed by Nobel laureate William F. Sharpe, and is used to help investors understand the return of an investment compared to its risk. The ratio is the average return earned in excess of the risk-free rate per unit of volatility or total risk. Subtracting the risk-free rate from the mean return allows an investor to better isolate the profits associated with risk-taking activities. One intuition of this calculation is that a portfolio engaging in 'zero risk' investments, such as the purchase of U.S. Treasury bills (for which the expected return is the risk-free rate), has a Sharpe ratio of exactly zero. Generally, the greater the value of the Sharpe ratio, the more attractive the risk-adjusted return.'

• Looking at the risk / return profile (Sharpe) of 0.37 in the last 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF, we see it is relatively smaller, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (0.99)
• During the last 3 years, the risk / return profile (Sharpe) is -0.14, which is lower, thus worse than the value of 0.44 from the benchmark.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio, a variation of the Sharpe ratio only factors in the downside, or negative volatility, rather than the total volatility used in calculating the Sharpe ratio. The theory behind the Sortino variation is that upside volatility is a plus for the investment, and it, therefore, should not be included in the risk calculation. Therefore, the Sortino ratio takes upside volatility out of the equation and uses only the downside standard deviation in its calculation instead of the total standard deviation that is used in calculating the Sharpe ratio.'

• Looking at the excess return divided by the downside deviation of 0.54 in the last 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (1.46)
• Looking at downside risk / excess return profile in of -0.19 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to SPY (0.62).

Ulcer:

'Ulcer Index is a method for measuring investment risk that addresses the real concerns of investors, unlike the widely used standard deviation of return. UI is a measure of the depth and duration of drawdowns in prices from earlier highs. Using Ulcer Index instead of standard deviation can lead to very different conclusions about investment risk and risk-adjusted return, especially when evaluating strategies that seek to avoid major declines in portfolio value (market timing, dynamic asset allocation, hedge funds, etc.). The Ulcer Index was originally developed in 1987. Since then, it has been widely recognized and adopted by the investment community. According to Nelson Freeburg, editor of Formula Research, Ulcer Index is “perhaps the most fully realized statistical portrait of risk there is.'

• Looking at the Downside risk index of 47 in the last 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (8.29 )
• Looking at Ulcer Index in of 30 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to SPY (8.63 ).

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• The maximum DrawDown over 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF is -65.6 days, which is smaller, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (-24.5 days) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (-22.1 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum reduction from previous high of -42.2 days is lower, thus worse.

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• The maximum days under water over 5 years of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF is 1027 days, which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (488 days) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the maximum days under water is 714 days, which is higher, thus worse than the value of 325 days from the benchmark.

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (119 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the average days below previous high of 451 days of Roundhill BITKRAFT Esports & Digital Entertainment ETF is higher, thus worse.
• Looking at average time in days below previous high water mark in of 343 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus worse in comparison to SPY (89 days).