SPDR High Yield Bond ETF (JNK)

TotalReturn:

'The total return on a portfolio of investments takes into account not only the capital appreciation on the portfolio, but also the income received on the portfolio. The income typically consists of interest, dividends, and securities lending fees. This contrasts with the price return, which takes into account only the capital gain on an investment.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (106.2%) in the period of the last 5 years, the total return of 23.7% of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is lower, thus worse.
• Looking at total return in of 27.4% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus worse in comparison to SPY (69.9%).

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate isn't a true return rate, but rather a representational figure. It is essentially a number that describes the rate at which an investment would have grown if it had grown the same rate every year and the profits were reinvested at the end of each year. In reality, this sort of performance is unlikely. However, CAGR can be used to smooth returns so that they may be more easily understood when compared to alternative investments.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (15.6%) in the period of the last 5 years, the annual performance (CAGR) of 4.4% of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is smaller, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the annual return (CAGR) is 8.5%, which is lower, thus worse than the value of 19.5% from the benchmark.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a rate at which the price of a security increases or decreases for a given set of returns. Volatility is measured by calculating the standard deviation of the annualized returns over a given period of time. It shows the range to which the price of a security may increase or decrease. Volatility measures the risk of a security. It is used in option pricing formula to gauge the fluctuations in the returns of the underlying assets. Volatility indicates the pricing behavior of the security and helps estimate the fluctuations that may happen in a short period of time.'

• The volatility over 5 years of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is 7.8%, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (17.6%) in the same period.
• Looking at historical 30 days volatility in of 8.1% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus better in comparison to SPY (17.7%).

DownVol:

'Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• The downside volatility over 5 years of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is 5.4%, which is lower, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (12.2%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the downside volatility is 5.3%, which is lower, thus better than the value of 11.6% from the benchmark.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio (also known as the Sharpe index, the Sharpe measure, and the reward-to-variability ratio) is a way to examine the performance of an investment by adjusting for its risk. The ratio measures the excess return (or risk premium) per unit of deviation in an investment asset or a trading strategy, typically referred to as risk, named after William F. Sharpe.'

• The Sharpe Ratio over 5 years of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is 0.24, which is smaller, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (0.74) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (0.96) in the period of the last 3 years, the Sharpe Ratio of 0.74 is lower, thus worse.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio improves upon the Sharpe ratio by isolating downside volatility from total volatility by dividing excess return by the downside deviation. The Sortino ratio is a variation of the Sharpe ratio that differentiates harmful volatility from total overall volatility by using the asset's standard deviation of negative asset returns, called downside deviation. The Sortino ratio takes the asset's return and subtracts the risk-free rate, and then divides that amount by the asset's downside deviation. The ratio was named after Frank A. Sortino.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (1.08) in the period of the last 5 years, the ratio of annual return and downside deviation of 0.35 of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is smaller, thus worse.
• Compared with SPY (1.46) in the period of the last 3 years, the downside risk / excess return profile of 1.13 is lower, thus worse.

Ulcer:

'Ulcer Index is a method for measuring investment risk that addresses the real concerns of investors, unlike the widely used standard deviation of return. UI is a measure of the depth and duration of drawdowns in prices from earlier highs. Using Ulcer Index instead of standard deviation can lead to very different conclusions about investment risk and risk-adjusted return, especially when evaluating strategies that seek to avoid major declines in portfolio value (market timing, dynamic asset allocation, hedge funds, etc.). The Ulcer Index was originally developed in 1987. Since then, it has been widely recognized and adopted by the investment community. According to Nelson Freeburg, editor of Formula Research, Ulcer Index is “perhaps the most fully realized statistical portrait of risk there is.'

• Looking at the Downside risk index of 6.08 in the last 5 years of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to the benchmark SPY (8.48 )
• During the last 3 years, the Downside risk index is 2.54 , which is smaller, thus better than the value of 5.32 from the benchmark.

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• The maximum reduction from previous high over 5 years of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is -16.7 days, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (-24.5 days) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (-18.8 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum drop from peak to valley of -9.8 days is greater, thus better.

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (488 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the maximum days under water of 559 days of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is larger, thus worse.
• Looking at maximum days below previous high in of 118 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively smaller, thus better in comparison to SPY (199 days).

AveDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• The average days under water over 5 years of SPDR High Yield Bond ETF is 147 days, which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (120 days) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (46 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the average days under water of 28 days is lower, thus better.