VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF (HAP)

TotalReturn:

'Total return is the amount of value an investor earns from a security over a specific period, typically one year, when all distributions are reinvested. Total return is expressed as a percentage of the amount invested. For example, a total return of 20% means the security increased by 20% of its original value due to a price increase, distribution of dividends (if a stock), coupons (if a bond) or capital gains (if a fund). Total return is a strong measure of an investment’s overall performance.'

• The total return, or increase in value over 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF is 47.5%, which is lower, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (62.7%) in the same period.
• Looking at total return, or increase in value in of 45.4% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus better in comparison to SPY (34.7%).

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate isn't a true return rate, but rather a representational figure. It is essentially a number that describes the rate at which an investment would have grown if it had grown the same rate every year and the profits were reinvested at the end of each year. In reality, this sort of performance is unlikely. However, CAGR can be used to smooth returns so that they may be more easily understood when compared to alternative investments.'

• The annual performance (CAGR) over 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF is 8.1%, which is lower, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (10.2%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (10.5%) in the period of the last 3 years, the annual performance (CAGR) of 13.3% is higher, thus better.

Volatility:

'Volatility is a statistical measure of the dispersion of returns for a given security or market index. Volatility can either be measured by using the standard deviation or variance between returns from that same security or market index. Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security. In the securities markets, volatility is often associated with big swings in either direction. For example, when the stock market rises and falls more than one percent over a sustained period of time, it is called a 'volatile' market.'

• Looking at the 30 days standard deviation of 23.1% in the last 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (20.9%)
• Compared with SPY (24.1%) in the period of the last 3 years, the historical 30 days volatility of 27.4% is higher, thus worse.

DownVol:

'Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (15.3%) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside volatility of 17.2% of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF is higher, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the downside volatility is 20.4%, which is greater, thus worse than the value of 17.6% from the benchmark.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio was developed by Nobel laureate William F. Sharpe, and is used to help investors understand the return of an investment compared to its risk. The ratio is the average return earned in excess of the risk-free rate per unit of volatility or total risk. Subtracting the risk-free rate from the mean return allows an investor to better isolate the profits associated with risk-taking activities. One intuition of this calculation is that a portfolio engaging in 'zero risk' investments, such as the purchase of U.S. Treasury bills (for which the expected return is the risk-free rate), has a Sharpe ratio of exactly zero. Generally, the greater the value of the Sharpe ratio, the more attractive the risk-adjusted return.'

• Looking at the risk / return profile (Sharpe) of 0.24 in the last 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF, we see it is relatively smaller, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (0.37)
• Compared with SPY (0.33) in the period of the last 3 years, the risk / return profile (Sharpe) of 0.39 is larger, thus better.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio, a variation of the Sharpe ratio only factors in the downside, or negative volatility, rather than the total volatility used in calculating the Sharpe ratio. The theory behind the Sortino variation is that upside volatility is a plus for the investment, and it, therefore, should not be included in the risk calculation. Therefore, the Sortino ratio takes upside volatility out of the equation and uses only the downside standard deviation in its calculation instead of the total standard deviation that is used in calculating the Sharpe ratio.'

• Looking at the downside risk / excess return profile of 0.33 in the last 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (0.51)
• Compared with SPY (0.45) in the period of the last 3 years, the downside risk / excess return profile of 0.53 is higher, thus better.

Ulcer:

'The Ulcer Index is a technical indicator that measures downside risk, in terms of both the depth and duration of price declines. The index increases in value as the price moves farther away from a recent high and falls as the price rises to new highs. The indicator is usually calculated over a 14-day period, with the Ulcer Index showing the percentage drawdown a trader can expect from the high over that period. The greater the value of the Ulcer Index, the longer it takes for a stock to get back to the former high.'

• The Ulcer Index over 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF is 11 , which is larger, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (7.71 ) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (9.08 ) in the period of the last 3 years, the Downside risk index of 12 is larger, thus worse.

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• Looking at the maximum reduction from previous high of -44.1 days in the last 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (-33.7 days)
• During the last 3 years, the maximum reduction from previous high is -43.9 days, which is lower, thus worse than the value of -33.7 days from the benchmark.

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs). Many assume Max DD Duration is the length of time between new highs during which the Max DD (magnitude) occurred. But that isn’t always the case. The Max DD duration is the longest time between peaks, period. So it could be the time when the program also had its biggest peak to valley loss (and usually is, because the program needs a long time to recover from the largest loss), but it doesn’t have to be'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (189 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the maximum days under water of 711 days of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF is larger, thus worse.
• Compared with SPY (189 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum days under water of 226 days is higher, thus worse.

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Looking at the average days under water of 234 days in the last 5 years of VanEck Vectors Natural Resources ETF, we see it is relatively larger, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (46 days)
• Looking at average days below previous high in of 70 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus worse in comparison to SPY (45 days).