VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF (ESPO)

TotalReturn:

'Total return, when measuring performance, is the actual rate of return of an investment or a pool of investments over a given evaluation period. Total return includes interest, capital gains, dividends and distributions realized over a given period of time. Total return accounts for two categories of return: income including interest paid by fixed-income investments, distributions or dividends and capital appreciation, representing the change in the market price of an asset.'

• The total return, or performance over 5 years of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is 131.4%, which is higher, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (109.3%) in the same period.
• Looking at total return, or increase in value in of 85.3% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to SPY (34.3%).

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate isn't a true return rate, but rather a representational figure. It is essentially a number that describes the rate at which an investment would have grown if it had grown the same rate every year and the profits were reinvested at the end of each year. In reality, this sort of performance is unlikely. However, CAGR can be used to smooth returns so that they may be more easily understood when compared to alternative investments.'

• The annual return (CAGR) over 5 years of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is 18.3%, which is larger, thus better compared to the benchmark SPY (16%) in the same period.
• Looking at compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) in of 22.9% in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively larger, thus better in comparison to SPY (10.4%).

Volatility:

'In finance, volatility (symbol σ) is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time as measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns. Historic volatility measures a time series of past market prices. Implied volatility looks forward in time, being derived from the market price of a market-traded derivative (in particular, an option). Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (18%) in the period of the last 5 years, the historical 30 days volatility of 26.5% of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is larger, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the 30 days standard deviation is 25.8%, which is higher, thus worse than the value of 18.8% from the benchmark.

DownVol:

'Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• The downside risk over 5 years of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is 18.1%, which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (12.5%) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (13%) in the period of the last 3 years, the downside volatility of 17.4% is larger, thus worse.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio is the measure of risk-adjusted return of a financial portfolio. Sharpe ratio is a measure of excess portfolio return over the risk-free rate relative to its standard deviation. Normally, the 90-day Treasury bill rate is taken as the proxy for risk-free rate. A portfolio with a higher Sharpe ratio is considered superior relative to its peers. The measure was named after William F Sharpe, a Nobel laureate and professor of finance, emeritus at Stanford University.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (0.75) in the period of the last 5 years, the ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) of 0.6 of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is lower, thus worse.
• Compared with SPY (0.42) in the period of the last 3 years, the risk / return profile (Sharpe) of 0.79 is greater, thus better.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio improves upon the Sharpe ratio by isolating downside volatility from total volatility by dividing excess return by the downside deviation. The Sortino ratio is a variation of the Sharpe ratio that differentiates harmful volatility from total overall volatility by using the asset's standard deviation of negative asset returns, called downside deviation. The Sortino ratio takes the asset's return and subtracts the risk-free rate, and then divides that amount by the asset's downside deviation. The ratio was named after Frank A. Sortino.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (1.07) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside risk / excess return profile of 0.88 of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is lower, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the excess return divided by the downside deviation is 1.18, which is larger, thus better than the value of 0.6 from the benchmark.

Ulcer:

'Ulcer Index is a method for measuring investment risk that addresses the real concerns of investors, unlike the widely used standard deviation of return. UI is a measure of the depth and duration of drawdowns in prices from earlier highs. Using Ulcer Index instead of standard deviation can lead to very different conclusions about investment risk and risk-adjusted return, especially when evaluating strategies that seek to avoid major declines in portfolio value (market timing, dynamic asset allocation, hedge funds, etc.). The Ulcer Index was originally developed in 1987. Since then, it has been widely recognized and adopted by the investment community. According to Nelson Freeburg, editor of Formula Research, Ulcer Index is “perhaps the most fully realized statistical portrait of risk there is.'

• The Ulcer Ratio over 5 years of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is 24 , which is higher, thus worse compared to the benchmark SPY (8.45 ) in the same period.
• Compared with SPY (5.75 ) in the period of the last 3 years, the Downside risk index of 9.33 is greater, thus worse.

MaxDD:

'Maximum drawdown is defined as the peak-to-trough decline of an investment during a specific period. It is usually quoted as a percentage of the peak value. The maximum drawdown can be calculated based on absolute returns, in order to identify strategies that suffer less during market downturns, such as low-volatility strategies. However, the maximum drawdown can also be calculated based on returns relative to a benchmark index, for identifying strategies that show steady outperformance over time.'

• Looking at the maximum DrawDown of -51 days in the last 5 years of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to the benchmark SPY (-24.5 days)
• Looking at maximum drop from peak to valley in of -28.6 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus worse in comparison to SPY (-18.8 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (488 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the maximum days below previous high of 916 days of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is greater, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the maximum days below previous high is 204 days, which is greater, thus worse than the value of 199 days from the benchmark.

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Compared with the benchmark SPY (118 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the average days below previous high of 363 days of VanEck Video Gaming and eSports ETF is greater, thus worse.
• Looking at average days below previous high in of 51 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively higher, thus worse in comparison to SPY (45 days).