BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy

TotalReturn:

'The total return on a portfolio of investments takes into account not only the capital appreciation on the portfolio, but also the income received on the portfolio. The income typically consists of interest, dividends, and securities lending fees. This contrasts with the price return, which takes into account only the capital gain on an investment.'

• The total return over 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is 72.4%, which is greater, thus better compared to the benchmark AGG (-1.4%) in the same period.
• During the last 3 years, the total return, or increase in value is 14.4%, which is larger, thus better than the value of 2.1% from the benchmark.

CAGR:

'The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a useful measure of growth over multiple time periods. It can be thought of as the growth rate that gets you from the initial investment value to the ending investment value if you assume that the investment has been compounding over the time period.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (-0.3%) in the period of the last 5 years, the annual performance (CAGR) of 11.6% of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is larger, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the annual performance (CAGR) is 4.6%, which is greater, thus better than the value of 0.7% from the benchmark.

Volatility:

'In finance, volatility (symbol σ) is the degree of variation of a trading price series over time as measured by the standard deviation of logarithmic returns. Historic volatility measures a time series of past market prices. Implied volatility looks forward in time, being derived from the market price of a market-traded derivative (in particular, an option). Commonly, the higher the volatility, the riskier the security.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (5.9%) in the period of the last 5 years, the 30 days standard deviation of 7.4% of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is higher, thus worse.
• During the last 3 years, the 30 days standard deviation is 6.6%, which is lower, thus better than the value of 7% from the benchmark.

DownVol:

'Risk measures typically quantify the downside risk, whereas the standard deviation (an example of a deviation risk measure) measures both the upside and downside risk. Specifically, downside risk in our definition is the semi-deviation, that is the standard deviation of all negative returns.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (4.2%) in the period of the last 5 years, the downside volatility of 5.2% of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is greater, thus worse.
• Compared with AGG (4.8%) in the period of the last 3 years, the downside risk of 4.8% is larger, thus worse.

Sharpe:

'The Sharpe ratio (also known as the Sharpe index, the Sharpe measure, and the reward-to-variability ratio) is a way to examine the performance of an investment by adjusting for its risk. The ratio measures the excess return (or risk premium) per unit of deviation in an investment asset or a trading strategy, typically referred to as risk, named after William F. Sharpe.'

• Looking at the ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) of 1.22 in the last 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to the benchmark AGG (-0.47)
• Compared with AGG (-0.26) in the period of the last 3 years, the ratio of return and volatility (Sharpe) of 0.32 is larger, thus better.

Sortino:

'The Sortino ratio measures the risk-adjusted return of an investment asset, portfolio, or strategy. It is a modification of the Sharpe ratio but penalizes only those returns falling below a user-specified target or required rate of return, while the Sharpe ratio penalizes both upside and downside volatility equally. Though both ratios measure an investment's risk-adjusted return, they do so in significantly different ways that will frequently lead to differing conclusions as to the true nature of the investment's return-generating efficiency. The Sortino ratio is used as a way to compare the risk-adjusted performance of programs with differing risk and return profiles. In general, risk-adjusted returns seek to normalize the risk across programs and then see which has the higher return unit per risk.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (-0.66) in the period of the last 5 years, the ratio of annual return and downside deviation of 1.75 of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is larger, thus better.
• Compared with AGG (-0.37) in the period of the last 3 years, the excess return divided by the downside deviation of 0.45 is larger, thus better.

Ulcer:

'The Ulcer Index is a technical indicator that measures downside risk, in terms of both the depth and duration of price declines. The index increases in value as the price moves farther away from a recent high and falls as the price rises to new highs. The indicator is usually calculated over a 14-day period, with the Ulcer Index showing the percentage drawdown a trader can expect from the high over that period. The greater the value of the Ulcer Index, the longer it takes for a stock to get back to the former high.'

• Looking at the Downside risk index of 4.5 in the last 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to the benchmark AGG (9.38 )
• Looking at Ulcer Index in of 4.36 in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively lower, thus better in comparison to AGG (5.08 ).

MaxDD:

'A maximum drawdown is the maximum loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio, before a new peak is attained. Maximum Drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period. It can be used both as a stand-alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as 'Return over Maximum Drawdown' and the Calmar Ratio. Maximum Drawdown is expressed in percentage terms.'

• Looking at the maximum drop from peak to valley of -11 days in the last 5 years of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy, we see it is relatively larger, thus better in comparison to the benchmark AGG (-18.4 days)
• Looking at maximum DrawDown in of -9.3 days in the period of the last 3 years, we see it is relatively greater, thus better in comparison to AGG (-11.3 days).

MaxDuration:

'The Drawdown Duration is the length of any peak to peak period, or the time between new equity highs. The Max Drawdown Duration is the worst (the maximum/longest) amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs) in days.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (1170 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the maximum days under water of 545 days of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is lower, thus better.
• Compared with AGG (584 days) in the period of the last 3 years, the maximum time in days below previous high water mark of 459 days is smaller, thus better.

AveDuration:

'The Average Drawdown Duration is an extension of the Maximum Drawdown. However, this metric does not explain the drawdown in dollars or percentages, rather in days, weeks, or months. The Avg Drawdown Duration is the average amount of time an investment has seen between peaks (equity highs), or in other terms the average of time under water of all drawdowns. So in contrast to the Maximum duration it does not measure only one drawdown event but calculates the average of all.'

• Compared with the benchmark AGG (561 days) in the period of the last 5 years, the average days under water of 147 days of BUG Permanent Portfolio Strategy is smaller, thus better.
• During the last 3 years, the average days below previous high is 159 days, which is lower, thus better than the value of 244 days from the benchmark.